United Kingdom · Visas & Residency

No back door.
Four real routes.

The UK has no retirement or passive-income visa — that route closed in 2008. What's left: ancestry (Canadians only), family, work, and business. Here they are with 2026 numbers — no salesmanship.

Figures verified 3 July 2026

The 2026 comparison

VisaWho it's forMoney requirement (2026)Leads to
Ancestry
Full guide →
Commonwealth citizens 17+ with a grandparent born in the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man — Canadians qualify, Americans don't. Must be able and intend to work (part-time, voluntary or self-employment count) No income threshold. Fee £726 + immigration health surcharge £5,175 for the 5-year visa 5-year visa → ILR at 5 yrs (fee £3,226)
Family / Partner
Full guide →
Partners of British or Irish citizens, or of people settled in the UK Sponsor income of £29,000/year (savings can substitute). Fee £2,064 outside the UK + IHS £3,105 for the first 2 yrs 9 mo 2 yrs 9 mo + 2 yr 6 mo extension → ILR at 5 yrs
Skilled Worker People with a UK job offer and certificate of sponsorship from a licensed employer Salary of £41,700/year or the going rate for the job, whichever is higher. Fee £819 (≤3 yrs) or £1,618 (>3 yrs) + IHS £1,035/yr + £1,270 maintenance ILR at 5 yrs
Innovator Founder People starting an innovative, viable, scalable business endorsed by an approved body; English B2 required No fixed minimum investment stated. Fee £1,357 outside the UK + £1,000 endorsement + £500 per checkpoint meeting (12 & 24 mo) + IHS £1,035/yr 3-year visa → ILR possible at 3 yrs — the fastest mainstream route
There is no retirement visa — and visiting isn't living. The "retired person of independent means" route closed in 2008; the guidance has been formally withdrawn. Visitor rules expressly prohibit living in the UK through frequent or successive visits. What visitors get: an ETA (£20, 2026) and stays of up to 6 months, no work. If none of the four routes above fits, the honest answer is a part-year life on visits — here's how people actually handle it.

After the visa: the residency timeline

Step 1 · Month 0

Apply from abroad

All four routes start outside the UK — there's no switching into the Ancestry route in-country. Decisions: ~3 weeks (Ancestry), ~12 weeks (partner).

Step 2 · Years 1–5

Hold, extend, stay put

Ancestry runs 5 years in one grant; the partner route needs a 2 yr 6 mo extension (£1,407 + £2,587.50 IHS). Keep absences under 180 days a year — it counts at settlement.

Step 3 · Year 5 (or 3)

ILR — settlement

5 years today on the main routes; 3 on Innovator Founder. Fee £3,226. Life in the UK test £50 — exempt at 65+. English B1 now, B2 from 26 March 2027. Caution: a 10-year reform is pending — see below.

★ Step 4 · Year 6

Citizenship

After 12 months holding ILR (waived if married to a British citizen): naturalisation, £1,839 (2026). Absence caps: ≤450 days over 5 years, ≤90 in the final 12 months. Dual citizenship is fine with the US and Canada.

The 10-year question. A May 2025 white paper proposed raising the standard ILR qualifying period from 5 to 10 years. As of 3 July 2026 it is not law: the consultation closed 12 February 2026, the government is "analysing feedback", and the March 2026 Statement of Changes did not enact it. Say it the way we do: 5 years today, 10-year reform pending — decision expected later in 2026. What is enacted: settlement English rises B1 → B2 on 26 March 2027, including for people already on a pathway.
In this section

Guides

★ Start here

The UK has no retirement visa

Why the route closed, the six paths people actually use, why the Adult Dependent Relative visa nearly always fails, and the part-year alternative.

Read the guide →
Guide

The Ancestry visa (Canadians)

A UK-born grandparent, £726, and a work requirement that part-time and voluntary work satisfy. Five years to settlement.

Read the guide →
Guide

The partner visa

£29,000 minimum income, £2,064 fee, two grants over five years — and what happens if you can't meet the income bar.

Read the guide →
Coming soon

Skilled Worker over 50

The £41,700 threshold in practice, sponsorship realities for older applicants, and which sectors actually hire from abroad.

Coming soon

The ADR visa reality

The Adult Dependent Relative route on paper vs in practice — and why "my kids live in London" is not a plan.

Coming soon

Citizenship by descent

A UK-born parent may make you British already — no visa needed. How to check, prove it, and get the passport.

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Settlement rules could change later this year.

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